Georgia WWSCAN Biweekly Newsletter Update 7/5/24

Welcome to the bi-weekly update for WWSCAN partners in Georgia! The samples provided up through 7/1/24 have been processed in the lab and data are on the site at data.wastewaterscan.org.

We are excited to share that all Georgia sites will be continuing as part of our next phase of WWSCAN, through summer 2025! Nothing about the testing will change as part of this next phase, but look out for more opportunities for further discussion and engagement about the program and results.

If you notice any bugs on the site or have any comments about it, please continue to send your feedback via email wwscan_stanford_emory@lists.stanford.edu. We thank you for your partnership!

The methods for our assays are in the public domain and links for these are provided at the end of the newsletter.

SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations have been between 34,000 and 590,000 copies/gram in the last two weeks. The chart below shows the raw data over the last 365 days and the population-weighted aggregated trend line for all 8 Georgia sites when the data is normalized by PMMoV. The aggregated line and the National Levels benchmarks illustrate that SARS-CoV-2 N gene RNA concentrations among Georgia sites are within the middle third level of all concentrations measured in the last year. In the Southern region, SARS-CoV-2 is in the "High" wastewater category with an upward trend and high concentrations.

As of 7/5/24, South River and Little River are in the HIGH (2 sites) wastewater category. Big Creek and Johns Creek is in the MEDIUM (2 sites) wastewater category. RM Clayton and Utoy Creek are in the LOW (2 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater is available for RM Clayton and College Park (Camp Creek). Note that there is a gap in data for RM Clayton due to a pause in sample collection, which has now resumed. The plots below show the relative proportions of different variants inferred from sequencing the entire genome of SARS-CoV-2 (Note: the sequencing variant plots are now available on the website, so the plots that are shown below are linked above if you want to interact with them). Results are based on sequencing of 2 samples per week, combined to provide a weekly value.

In the most recent samples, JN.1 (94.8%) made up the largest proportion of lineages detected at RM Clayton. Note that the most recent data is shown below & should be updated as more samples are analyzed (through June 8 at RM Clayton).

Sequencing data is now also available in aggregate across all sites in WWSCAN with sequencing data through June 22nd. That plot is shown below and also suggests that KP.2 is the most abundant variant across all sites (23.6%). Then JN.1.16 was the second highest making up 17.9% across all sites.

Influenza A (IAV) RNA concentrations have been below 5,000 copies/gram in the last two weeks. The chart below shows the raw data and the population-weighted aggregated trend line for all 8 Georgia sites when the data is normalized by PMMoV is at the bottom of the middle third level. As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

H5 Marker in Influenza A (IAV) Below is a heat map showing the Georgia sites with samples collected and tested thus far. Over the last couple of weeks, results have been non-detect at all Georgia sites based on available data. For more information about this testing and interpretation of results, see our FAQ sheet here.

Influenza B (IBV) RNA was detected at Johns Creek and Utoy Creek within the last two weeks, according to the heat map below. In the South, IBV is in the "Low" category and not in onset.

As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) RNA has been detected at Utoy Creek over the last two weeks, according to the heat map below. RSV concentrations were below 1,700 copies/g.

As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

HMPV (human metapneumovirus) RNA concentrations in wastewater among the Georgia sites have declined and are below 20,000 copies/g. HMPV RNA concentrations in Georgia have now reached the bottom of the middle third level of all concentrations measured in the last year. RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (5 sites) wastewater category, as of 7/5/24. Big Creek is in the MEDIUM (1 site) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park. In the South, HMPV is in the "Low" category and not in onset.

EV-D68 RNA is below 1,900 copies/g with detections at Big Creek, College Park, and Johns Creek sites over the last couple of weeks, according to the heat map below. As a reminder, the color blue means the sample was non-detect for EV-D68 RNA and the colors get darker with higher concentrations. As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Norovirus GII (HuNoV GII) RNA concentrations range between 1,700,000 - 8,900,000 copies/g, and the population-weighted average line when the data is normalized by PMMoV for the 8 Georgia sites is within the lower third level. HuNoV GII RNA chart below also shows the raw data. As of 7/5/24, South River, Johns Creek, and Big Creek are in the MEDIUM (3 sites) wastewater category. RM Clayton, Utoy Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (3 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Rotavirus RNA concentrations have been below 205,000 copies/g over the last two weeks. The chart below shows the population-weighted average line is shown in black plus the raw data for each site. As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton and South River are in the MEDIUM (2 sites) wastewater category. Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River is in the LOW (4 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Mpox DNA results have been non-detect at all Georgia sites in the last 21 days. This heat map shows data since July 2022. Sites are labeled in the rows and each date a sample was collected as a column. The color blue means the sample was non-detect for mpox DNA and the color maroon means Mpox DNA was detected. White indicates no sample was collected. RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category as of 7/5/24. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Candida auris DNA has not been detected in the last two weeks, based on the heat map below. As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River are in the LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Hepatitis A RNA has been detected at RM Clayton over the last two weeks, according to the heat map. HAV RNA concentrations have been below 9,500 copies/g. As of 7/5/24, RM Clayton, South River, Utoy Creek, Big Creek, Johns Creek, and Little River LOW (6 sites) wastewater category. There was not enough data to calculate a category for Columbus and College Park.

Protocols (Pre-analytical methods and SARS-CoV-2 analytical methods including controls):

• High Throughput RNA Extraction and PCR Inhibitor Removal of Settled Solids for Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA
• High Throughput pre-analytical processing of wastewater settled solids for SARS-CoV-2 RNA analyses
• Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 variant mutations (HV69-70, E484K/N501Y, del156-157/R158G, del143-145, LPPA24S, S:477-505, and ORF1a Del 141-143) in settled solids using digital RT-PCR
• High Throughput SARS-COV-2, PMMoV, and BCoV quantification in settled solids using digital RT-PCR

Pre-prints and peer-reviewed publications provided WWSCAN methods: 

• SARS-CoV-2 
• Influenza, Human metapneumovirus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza
• Mpox
• Norovirus GII
• Adenovirus group F, Rotavirus, Candida auris, Hepatitis A
• Enterovirus D68

Newly published papers are available here

• Spatial and temporal variation in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subtype RNA in wastewater and relation to clinical specimens
• Solid-liquid partitioning of Dengue West Nile, Zika, Hepatitis A, Influenza A, and SARSCoV-2 viruses in wastewater from across the United States
• Detection of Hemagglutinin H5 Influenza A Virus Sequence in Municipal Wastewater Solids at Wastewater Treatment Plants with Increases in Influenza A in Spring, 2024
• Persistence of Human Respiratory Viral RNA in Wastewater Settled Solids

Public Health Factsheets:

• Influenza A Fact Sheet: Provides a summary of a November 2023 paper exploring how to analyze wastewater data to extract relevant public health insights on Influenza A. Click here to access the IAV fact sheet.
• RSV Fact Sheet: Provides a summary of a March 2024 paper exploring how to analyze wastewater data to extract relevant public health insights on RSV. Click here to access the RSV fact sheet.

New WastewaterSCAN Published Body of Work document:

• We are excited to share a new document that provides an overview of the program’s peer-reviewed scientific literature, organized by topics and themes. Click here to access the WastewaterSCAN published body of work.

A complete list of peer-reviewed publications utilizing the WWSCAN data is available here!

The next stakeholder meeting will take place on Friday, July 12th @ 12 PM EST. You can use this zoom link to join. Hope to see you there!